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How to Get Tested for Autism as an Adult

To get tested for autism as an adult, start by speaking with your primary care provider, a psychiatrist, or a psychologist, who can refer you for a comprehensive evaluation. The assessment typically involves interviews, questionnaires, and possibly input from someone who knew you as a child. While there is no single medical test, a qualified professional can diagnose autism spectrum disorder (ASD) based on criteria in the DSM-5. This guide explains the process, who can diagnose, what to expect, and how to find support.

Who Can Diagnose Autism in Adults?

Several types of professionals are qualified to diagnose autism in adults. According to Harvard Health, a psychiatrist (MD), psychologist (PhD), or neuropsychologist (PhD) usually makes the medical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. A full neuropsychological evaluation is not always required, but a medical diagnosis is necessary to apply for disability benefits on the basis of an autism diagnosis. You can start by consulting your primary care provider, who may refer you to a specialist. Other professionals, such as social workers, can also guide you through the process.

The Autism Society of North Carolina notes that child psychologists, child psychiatrists, developmental pediatricians, and pediatric neurologists are able to diagnose autism, but for adults, psychiatrists and psychologists are most common. In some regions, specialized autism centers like the UNC TEACCH Autism Program offer diagnostic evaluations for people of any age.

How to Request an Autism Assessment

The first step is to speak with a general practitioner (GP) or primary care provider. The NHS advises that GPs can often refer adults to a local autism team for an assessment. If your GP is hesitant, you can ask for a second opinion from another GP. In England, you have the right to choose which NHS service does the assessment, which may help reduce waiting times. This is called Right to Choose.

If you are already receiving care for another condition, such as anxiety or depression, a mental health professional may notice signs of autism and recommend a referral. You can also self-refer to some private clinics, though costs vary. The National Autistic Society provides guidance on how to request an assessment and what to do while waiting. Our breakdown of Is Hand Flapping Always a Sign of Autism covers the related details.

What to Expect During an Adult Autism Assessment

An adult autism assessment typically involves one or more appointments with a team of healthcare professionals. According to the NHS, the assessment may include:

The clinician will assess your social communication, repetitive behaviors, and sensory sensitivities based on DSM-5 criteria. They may also rule out other conditions that can mimic autism, such as ADHD or anxiety disorders. After the assessment, you will receive a report with the findings and possibly a diagnosis.

Why Seek a Diagnosis as an Adult?

Many adults seek a diagnosis after recognizing autistic traits in themselves, often when a family member is diagnosed. A formal diagnosis can provide validation, access to support services, and workplace accommodations. It can also help you understand past challenges and develop coping strategies. However, some adults choose not to pursue a diagnosis due to cost, time, or fear of stigma. The decision is personal, and resources like the Association for Autism and Neurodiversity (AANE) offer guidance on the pros and cons.

Cost and Waiting Times

In public healthcare systems like the NHS, autism assessments are free but may have long waiting times, sometimes several months or more. Private assessments are faster but can cost hundreds to thousands of dollars. In the U.S., insurance coverage varies; some plans cover diagnostic evaluations, while others do not. Check with your insurance provider to understand your benefits. The Autism Speaks Adult Diagnosis Tool Kit provides information on finding clinicians and understanding costs.

What If You Disagree with the Outcome?

If you are not given a diagnosis but still believe you are autistic, you can ask the assessment team for their reasons. You may request a second opinion from another team or pay for a private assessment. The NHS allows you to ask for a referral to another team if you disagree with the decision. Some adults are told to wait and be reassessed later if signs were not clear during the first evaluation.

Support After Diagnosis

After a diagnosis, you may be offered a follow-up appointment and a care plan. Support can include therapy, social skills training, and accommodations at work or school. Organizations like AANE and Autism Speaks offer resources and online communities for autistic adults. Remember, a diagnosis is not required to access some support groups, but it can open doors to formal services.

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